The amount of energy, or biomass, at each trophic level decreases as it moves through an ecosystem. As little as 10% of the energy at any trophic level is transferred to the next level. The rest of ...

Seagrass, an important subtidal marine ecosystem, is being lost at a rate of 110 km² year⁻¹, leading to fragmented seagrass seascapes. Habitat fragmentation is predicted to affect trophic levels ...

Plants obtain their energy from the sun. Other beings rely on eating to survive. Yet how does the energy flow inside ecosystems function and are there differences between ecosystems with many species ...

Regime shifts between alternative stable ecosystem states are becoming commonplace due to the combined effects of local stressors and global climate change. Alternative states are characterized as ...

A new study reveals the profound ecological effects of wolves and other large carnivores in Yellowstone National Park, showcasing the cascading effects predators can have on ecosystems. In Yellowstone ...

Russell has a PhD in the history of medicine, violence, and colonialism. His research has explored topics including ethics, science governance, and medical involvement in violent contexts. Russell has ...

The commonly held claim that wolves reintroduced into Yellowstone National Park in the mid-1990s spearheaded a "trophic cascade" of ecological restoration, as some studies indicated, is unfounded, ...