The actuation of cams, detents, and levers has long been the forte of pneumatic or hydraulic systems in machines. These systems are generally open loop. The only verification that the system has ...

Directional-control valves are vital in any pneumatic circuit, directing or blocking airflow to control the speed or sequence of operations. One method of classifying directional-control valves is by ...

Detonation is probably a hot rodder's worst enemy. It's also been called ping, the death rattle, or just plain spark knock, but by whatever name, detonation is a big killer. When you hear a noise that ...